{"id":1325,"date":"2021-01-03T11:03:19","date_gmt":"2021-01-02T22:03:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/?page_id=1325"},"modified":"2026-10-23T10:04:34","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T21:04:34","slug":"international-law-commission","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/","title":{"rendered":"International Law Commission"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1325\" class=\"elementor elementor-1325\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e87679c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e87679c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2314c99\" data-id=\"2314c99\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fdccbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"4fdccbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"2071\" class=\"elementor elementor-2071\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eaef529 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eaef529\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-10 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1625434\" data-id=\"1625434\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ed0d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"c3ed0d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/\" aria-label=\"Penelope Ridings home\" style=\"display:block;width:100%;max-width:108px;background:#fff;line-height:0\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"108\" height=\"58\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto\" viewBox=\"0 0 220 118\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"PJR logo\"><rect width=\"220\" height=\"118\" fill=\"white\"\/><ellipse cx=\"110\" cy=\"59\" rx=\"102\" ry=\"49\" fill=\"white\" stroke=\"#315D89\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><text x=\"110\" y=\"81\" text-anchor=\"middle\" fill=\"#182D45\" font-family=\"Georgia,serif\" font-size=\"69\">PJR<\/text><\/svg><\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-30 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38c07d9\" data-id=\"38c07d9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e75d23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6e75d23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dr Penelope Ridings<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-60 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fbea31c\" data-id=\"fbea31c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8665243 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"8665243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-8665243\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2084\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/penelope-ridings\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">About<span class=\"sub-arrow\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2089\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/penelope-ridings\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">About<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2090\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Dr-Penelope-Ridings-CV-2026.pdf\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">CV (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2085\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">International Law Commission<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2086\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\">Practice<span class=\"sub-arrow\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2091\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/trade-law-arbitration\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Arbitration<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2092\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/oceans-fisheries\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Oceans &#038; fisheries<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2093\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Diplomacy<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2087\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/publications-2\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Publications<span class=\"sub-arrow\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2094\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/publications-2\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Publications<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2095\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/speaking-presentations\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Speaking &#038; presentations<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2088\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/contact\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Contact<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-8665243\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2084\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/penelope-ridings\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">About<span class=\"sub-arrow\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2089\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/penelope-ridings\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">About<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2090\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Dr-Penelope-Ridings-CV-2026.pdf\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">CV (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2085\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">International Law Commission<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2086\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Practice<span class=\"sub-arrow\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2091\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/trade-law-arbitration\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Arbitration<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2092\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/oceans-fisheries\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Oceans &#038; fisheries<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2093\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Diplomacy<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2087\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/publications-2\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Publications<span class=\"sub-arrow\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2094\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/publications-2\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Publications<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2095\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/speaking-presentations\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Speaking &#038; presentations<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2088\"><a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/contact\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Contact<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/header>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e794a80 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e794a80\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ca9277\" data-id=\"0ca9277\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-114d4ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"114d4ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-008451a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"008451a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">International Law Commission<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4182bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4182bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cI am committed to the continued relevance of the International Law Commission to all States.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b7471f\" data-id=\"8b7471f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a7541b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2a7541b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/International-Law-Commission-2023-2027-1-1024x691.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"International Law Commission\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2a2b47b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2a2b47b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-91dfde1\" data-id=\"91dfde1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d30f79c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d30f79c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contribution to the Commission<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee20591 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ee20591\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"983\" src=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ILC-in-action-1024x983.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2118\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ILC-in-action-1024x983.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ILC-in-action-300x288.jpg 300w, https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ILC-in-action-768x737.jpg 768w, https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ILC-in-action.jpg 1512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-95e815d\" data-id=\"95e815d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa75579 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa75579\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Elected by the UN General Assembly for the 2023\u20132027 term of the International Law Commission.<\/p><p>Elected Rapporteur of the 75th Session, 2024.<\/p><p>As Rapporteur, prepared Chapter II (Summary) of the Report of the International Law Commission, Seventy-fifth Session, 2024.<\/p><p>2024: Proposed topic of \u2018Due Diligence in International Law\u2019 accepted onto the Long-Term Programme of Work of the International Law Commission.<\/p><p>2025: Appointed Special Rapporteur for the topic &#8216;Due Diligence in International Law&#8217;.\u00a0<\/p><p>Participated in briefings of delegates of the Pacific Islands Forum on the work of the Study Group on Sea-level Rise, together with the Co-Chairs of the Study Group, and on the work of the Commission 2023\u20132026.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac26460 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac26460\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33.333333333333 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f47aea8\" data-id=\"f47aea8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7320828 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7320828\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A relevant, contemporary work programme<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50336bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50336bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Successful modern international organisations must be able to respond to emerging issues and to find practical and enduring legal solutions to contemporary challenges.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33.333333333333 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3fcfb99\" data-id=\"3fcfb99\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3c0730 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b3c0730\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A strong relationship with States<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-536fb69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"536fb69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The work of the International Law Commission must not only be intellectually rigorous; it must be relevant to the diverse real-world needs and perspectives of the States that created it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33.333333333333 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39dfc9f\" data-id=\"39dfc9f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13682ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13682ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Understanding &amp; engagement<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b16a457 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b16a457\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is important to promote greater understanding of, and engagement with, the work of the International Law Commission within the international legal community.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-097ccd4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"097ccd4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a6f16ab\" data-id=\"a6f16ab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34fcc10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"34fcc10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"905\" height=\"524\" src=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Side-Event-Due-Diligence-2-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2119\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Side-Event-Due-Diligence-2-1.jpg 905w, https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Side-Event-Due-Diligence-2-1-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Side-Event-Due-Diligence-2-1-768x445.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 905px) 100vw, 905px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06349be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06349be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Due diligence in international law<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d8974b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d8974b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>2025: Appointed Special Rapporteur for the topic \u2018Due Diligence in International Law\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6052521 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6052521\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The First Report on Due diligence in international law discussed the methodological approach to the topic and reviewed the debate on the topic in the Sixth Committee of the General Assembly, and the previous work of the Commission and other international legal bodies.<\/p><p>The Report provided an overview of available material on due diligence in international law from the late nineteenth century to the present, considered both chronologically and thematically. This demonstrated the shift in understanding of due diligence and its current relevance, particularly in relation to the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on the <em>Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change<\/em>.<\/p><p>The Report and discussion in the Commission assisted in identifying the issues and questions to be examined in future reports. The First Report will be discussed in the Sixth Committee of the General Assembly commencing 26 October 2026. States and relevant international organisations have been requested to provide examples of State practice to assist in the development of the Special Rapporteur&#8217;s Second Report on Due diligence in international law.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a929eb3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a929eb3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a3d1259\" data-id=\"a3d1259\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b6277a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b6277a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reports and Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae1e719 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ae1e719\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/legal.un.org\/ilc\/reports\/2024\/english\/annex2.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Due diligence topic paper (2024) \u2197<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd93751 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"fd93751\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.un.org\/en\/A\/CN.4\/792\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">First Report on Due Diligence (2026) \u2197<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25acbe7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"25acbe7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Summary of the ILC Debate in 2026 \u2197<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cfe96b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cfe96b9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6857140\" data-id=\"6857140\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-737c461 elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"737c461\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"2072\" class=\"elementor elementor-2072\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-93e097e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"93e097e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9ee0df7\" data-id=\"9ee0df7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6153f0b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6153f0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dr Penelope Ridings<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2978e0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2978e0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>International lawyer \u00b7 Arbitrator \u00b7 Diplomat<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d051bf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d051bf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/penelope-ridings-7607b616\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">LinkedIn \u2197<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-343ae8e\" data-id=\"343ae8e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-329a970 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"329a970\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/penelope-ridings\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">About<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b69df9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3b69df9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">International Law Commission<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cc71d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6cc71d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/trade-law-arbitration\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Arbitration, trade &amp; investment<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f98b68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8f98b68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/oceans-fisheries\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Oceans &amp; fisheries<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee16ee0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ee16ee0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Diplomacy &amp; negotiations<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1e7574\" data-id=\"f1e7574\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-014a1aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"014a1aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/publications-2\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Publications<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77d67ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"77d67ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/speaking-presentations\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Speaking &amp; presentations<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c56f5cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c56f5cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Dr-Penelope-Ridings-CV-2026.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">CV (PDF)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-456f236 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"456f236\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/contact\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance of the International Law Commission to all States.\u201d Contribution to the Commission Elected by the UN General Assembly for the 2023\u20132027 term of the International Law Commission. Elected Rapporteur of the 75th Session, 2024. As Rapporteur, prepared Chapter II (Summary) of the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"hide","_kad_post_layout":"fullwidth","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"unboxed","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"hide","_kad_post_feature":"hide","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1325","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dr Penelope Ridings | Barrister and International Lawyer\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"International Law Commission | Dr Penelope Ridings\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/LogoMakr-3BAuzX.png\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/LogoMakr-3BAuzX.png\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-02T22:03:19+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-22T21:04:34+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@pj_ridings\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"International Law Commission | Dr Penelope Ridings\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@pj_ridings\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/LogoMakr-3BAuzX.png\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/index.php\\\/international-law-commission\\\/#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/index.php\\\/international-law-commission\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"International Law Commission\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/index.php\\\/international-law-commission\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"International Law Commission\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Home\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/#person\",\"name\":\"pridings\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/index.php\\\/international-law-commission\\\/#personImage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/48e60e9ae4b63447668c975dcd2b726e88d21108d6e94af7ded4a9a8bc21c3bc?s=96&d=blank&r=g\",\"width\":96,\"height\":96,\"caption\":\"pridings\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/index.php\\\/international-law-commission\\\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/index.php\\\/international-law-commission\\\/\",\"name\":\"International Law Commission | Dr Penelope Ridings\",\"description\":\"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans & fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking & presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans & fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking & presentations Contact Member \\u00b7 2023\\u2013present International Law Commission \\u201cI am committed to the continued relevance\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/index.php\\\/international-law-commission\\\/#breadcrumblist\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-03T11:03:19+13:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-23T10:04:34+13:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dr Penelope Ridings\",\"description\":\"Barrister and International Lawyer\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peneloperidings.com\\\/wp48\\\/#person\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"International Law Commission | Dr Penelope Ridings","description":"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans & fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking & presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans & fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking & presentations Contact Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance","canonical_url":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/#listItem","name":"International Law Commission"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"International Law Commission","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/#listItem","name":"Home"}}]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/#person","name":"pridings","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/#personImage","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/48e60e9ae4b63447668c975dcd2b726e88d21108d6e94af7ded4a9a8bc21c3bc?s=96&d=blank&r=g","width":96,"height":96,"caption":"pridings"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/","name":"International Law Commission | Dr Penelope Ridings","description":"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans & fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking & presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans & fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking & presentations Contact Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance","inLanguage":"en-US","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/#breadcrumblist"},"datePublished":"2021-01-03T11:03:19+13:00","dateModified":"2026-10-23T10:04:34+13:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/#website","url":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/","name":"Dr Penelope Ridings","description":"Barrister and International Lawyer","inLanguage":"en-US","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/#person"}}]},"og:locale":"en_US","og:site_name":"Dr Penelope Ridings | Barrister and International Lawyer","og:type":"article","og:title":"International Law Commission | Dr Penelope Ridings","og:description":"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance","og:url":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/","og:image":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/LogoMakr-3BAuzX.png","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/LogoMakr-3BAuzX.png","article:published_time":"2021-01-02T22:03:19+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-10-22T21:04:34+00:00","twitter:card":"summary","twitter:site":"@pj_ridings","twitter:title":"International Law Commission | Dr Penelope Ridings","twitter:description":"PJR Dr Penelope Ridings About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact About About CV (PDF) International Law Commission Practice Arbitration Oceans &amp; fisheries Diplomacy Publications Publications Speaking &amp; presentations Contact Member \u00b7 2023\u2013present International Law Commission \u201cI am committed to the continued relevance","twitter:creator":"@pj_ridings","twitter:image":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/LogoMakr-3BAuzX.png"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"1325","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":[],"keyphrases":{"focus":[],"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":[],"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"WebPage","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"created":"2021-01-02 21:42:06","updated":"2026-10-22 21:46:33","ai":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tInternational Law Commission\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/"},{"label":"International Law Commission","link":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/international-law-commission\/"}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1325","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1325"}],"version-history":[{"count":223,"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1325\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2191,"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1325\/revisions\/2191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/peneloperidings.com\/wp48\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}